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Title |
BIOGRAPHY GENRE IN RUSSIAN LITERATURE: EUROPEAN AND BRITISH INFLUENCES |
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Author(s) |
Eugenia V. Ivanova |
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Information about the author(s) |
Eugenia V. Ivanova, DSc in Philology, Leading Research Fellow, A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Povarskaya 25 a, 121069 Moscow, Russia. E-mail: evi@l-z.ru |
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Received |
October 27, 2016 |
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Published |
December 25, 2016 |
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Issue |
№3-4 |
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Department |
Literary Theory |
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Pages |
43-59 |
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DOI |
DOI: 10.22455/2500-4247-2016-1-3-4-43-59 |
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UDK |
УДК 82.0 |
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BBK |
ББК 83.0 |
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Abstract |
The article examines the development of the genre of biography and life writing that influenced Russian biographical tradition. This tradition stems from Plutarch’s Comparative Biographies that influenced English life writing represented by such names as James Boswell, Lytton Strachey, and others. Philosophical premises of the English biography genre are to be found in the treatise Heroes, HeroWorship, and The Heroic in History (1841) by Thomas Carlyle. French tradition represented by Gaston Tissandier’s book Science Martyrs pursued the opposite aim: to honor ordinary scientists and inventors, responsible for the technical advance of the modern civilization. Wilhelm Dilthey and Georg Simmel practiced a different approach to life writing in that they conceived biography as the history of the person’s spiritual development. This conception had direct influence on the theorists of biography genre in Russia, G. O. Vinokur, and A. G. Gabrichevsky. |
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Keywords |
biography genre, Plutarch, James Boswell, Lytton Strachey, Thomas Carlyle, Gaston Tissandier, Wilhelm Dilthey, Georg Simmel, V. O. Vinokur, A. G. Gabrichevsky. |
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Works cited |
1 Averintzev S. S. Plutarh i antichnaya biografiya: K voprosu o meste klassika zhanra v istorii zhanra [?????????? and ancient biography: on the place of the classic of the genre in the history of the genre]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1973. 279 p. (In Russ.) 2 James Boswell. Zhizn’ Semuelya Dzhonsona. Otryvki iz knigi. S prilozheniem izbrannyh proizvedenij Sehmyuehlya Dzhonsona. Sost., transl. i primech. A. Liverganta [Life of Samuel Johnson. Excerpts from the book: with selected writings of Samuel Johnson in the attachment. Ed., transl., and notes by A. Livergant]. Moscow, Tekst Publ., 2003. 188 p. 3 Bryusov V. Iz moej zhizni. Moya yunost’. Pamyati [From my life. My youth. Memories]. Moscow, M. & S. Sabashnikovyh Publ., 1927. 152 p. (In Russ.) 4 Byulleteni GAHN [Bulletins of GAHN], ed. prof. A. A. Sidorova. Moscow, GAHN Publ., 1925, issues 2–3, p. 28. (In Russ.) 5 Vinokur G. O. Biografiya i kul’tura [Biography and culture]. Moscow, GAHN Publ., 1927. Issue 2. 87 p. (Trudy Gos. Akademii hud. nauk. Filosofskij otdel. Vyp. 2). (In Russ.) 6 Gabrichevsky A. G. Ot redakcii [From the editor]. Zimmel’ G. Transl. A. G. Gabrichevskogo [Goethe. Transl. A. G. Gabrichevsky]. Moscow, GAHN Publ., 1928. 264 p. (In Russ.) 7 Geroi i geroicheskoe v istorii: Publ. besedy Thomas Carlyle: S pril. st. perevodchika o Karlejle, Transl. s angl. V. I. Yakovenko [On Heroes, hero-worship, and the heroic in history: Publication of Thomas Carlyle’s conversations. With translator’s introduction. Trans. V. I. Yakovenko]. St. Petersburg, F. Pavlenkov Publ., 1891. 352 p. 8 Gustav Shp?t. GAHN i intellektual’naya sreda 1920-h gg. [GAHN and intellectual milieu of the 1920s]. Issledovaniya po istorii russkoj mysli: Ezhegodnik za 2006–2007 god, Pod red. M. A. Kolerova i N. S. Plotnikova [Studies in the Russian intellectual thought. Annual. Eds. M. A. Kolerov and N. S. Plotnikov]. Moscow, Modest Kolerov Publ., 2009. Issue 8. 672 p. 9 Wilhelm Dilthey. Postroenie istoricheskogo mira v naukah o duhe [Einleitung in die Geisteswissenschaften]. Transl. pod red. V.A. Kurenogo. Dil’tej V. Sobr. soch., Pod obshch. red. A. V. Mihajlova i N. S. Plotnikova [Trans. under the ed. of V. A. Kurenoy. W. Dilthey: col. of works. Eds. A. V. Mikhailov and N. S. Plotnikov]. Moscow, Tri kvadrata Publ., 2004. Vol. III. 418 p. 10 Georg Simmel. Goethe. Transl. A. G. Gabrichevskogo [Goethe. Transl. A. G. Gabri chevsky]. Moscow, GAHN Publ., 1928. 264 p. 11 Mirsky D. Iskusstvo biografii (Litton Strechi) [Art of Biography]. Mirskij D. O literature i iskusstve. Stat’i i recenzii 1922–1937 [On Literature and art. Essays and reviews, 1922–1937]. Moscow, NLO Publ., 2014. 616 p. (In Russ.) 12 Mikhailov A. V. Biografii filosofov: geroicheskoe i chelovecheskoe. Dialog s filosofstvuyushchim chitatelem [Philosophers’ biographies: the heroic and the human. Dialogue with a philosophical reader]. Literaturnoe obozrenie [Literary review], 1984, no 6, pp. 179–186. (In Russ.) Studia Litterarum. Vol. 1, no 3–4 Eugenia V. Ivanova 59 13 Musatov V. V. “V to vremya ya gostila na zemle…”. Lirika Anny Ahmatovoj [“That time I was a guest on earth…” Anna Akhmatova’s poetry]. Moscow, Slovari.ru Publ., 2007. 495 p. (In Russ.) 14 Gaston Tissandier. Mucheniki nauki [Les martyrs de la science]. Moscow, Kapital i kul’tura Publ., 1995. 264 p. 15 Frank S. L. Simmel’ i ego kniga o G?te [Simmel and his book on Goethe]. Russkaya mysl’ [Russian thought], 1913, no 7, pp. 32–36. 16 Yаkovenko V. I. Neskol’ko slov o Tomase Karlejle [A few words about Thomas Carlyle]. Geroi i geroicheskoe v istorii: Publ. besedy Tomasa Karlejlya: S pril. st. perevodchika o Karlejle, Transl. s angl. V. I. Yakovenko [On heroes, hero-worship, and the heroic in history. Publication of Thomas Carlyle’s conversations. With translator’s introduction. Trans. V. I. Yakovenko]. St. Petersburg, F. Pavlenkov Publ., 1891, pp. I–XVI. |
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